CVE-2026-74748High· 7.8▾ TwilightIn the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ipset: fix refcount race between list:set GC and swap __ip_set_put_byindex() resolved the index to a set pointer under RCU, then took ip_set_ref_lock in __i…
▾ Twilight zone — High severity, or a signal on a lesser flaw
impact 42.9 · likelihood 0 · exploitation 0
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Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization from CISA's ADP record at CVE.org: whether exploitation is observed, whether an attack can be automated, and how much of the system is at stake. The CVSS score shown above comes from the assigning CNA record, not NVD.
Disclosure to exploitation, from the record and what we observed since indexing it.
Disclosed via CVEORG
Last analysed / modified upstream
0.1%
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
netfilter: ipset: fix refcount race between list:set GC and swap
__ip_set_put_byindex() resolved the index to a set pointer under RCU, then took ip_set_ref_lock in __ip_set_put() to decrement set->ref. ip_set_swap() holds that same lock while swapping both the ip_set_list slots and the two sets' ref counters, so it can interleave between the dereference and the lock acquisition, leaving the caller to decrement a set whose reference already moved to the other index and hit BUG_ON(set->ref == 0). list_set_gc() reaches this from timer softirq, which the nfnl mutex does not serialize against swap: an expiring list:set member calls list_set_del() -> ip_set_put_byindex() while IPSET_CMD_SWAP runs on the referenced sets.
Resolve the index and decrement under ip_set_ref_lock, as ip_set_swap() already does, keeping the refcount tied to the index rather than to a stale set pointer.
kernel BUG at net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_core.c:685! Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI RIP: 0010:ip_set_put_byindex (net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_core.c:870) Call Trace: <IRQ> list_set_del (net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_list_set.c:159) set_cleanup_entries (net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_list_set.c:181) list_set_gc (net/netfilter/ipset/ip_set_list_set.c:578) call_timer_fn (kernel/time/timer.c:1748) __run_timers (kernel/time/timer.c:1799 kernel/time/timer.c:2374) run_timer_softirq (kernel/time/timer.c:2405) </IRQ> Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt
Linux >= 9076aea76538556224e7d73ab718f8841330818a < 97a01de0c6321b7210d30d0a4d60f10f561097c7Linux >= 9076aea76538556224e7d73ab718f8841330818a < c21afc7c216a4d257a4f3f300e0791890bc846b9Linux >= 9076aea76538556224e7d73ab718f8841330818a < b0aab9dd1a348b99d75ff52765719d0cc2050630Linux >= 9076aea76538556224e7d73ab718f8841330818a < b891e7a6bb06e0f6560e5932665ac660acd12225Linux >= 9076aea76538556224e7d73ab718f8841330818a < 20cb13a523f0a05cb2d0a7d72abae687683712e0Linux >= 9076aea76538556224e7d73ab718f8841330818a < cb20da33839f28f590c99f16bafaa6151451c0e8Linux >= 9076aea76538556224e7d73ab718f8841330818a < 24ffcb1e1688c55fd2a505f064295cd28eac546dLinux >= 9076aea76538556224e7d73ab718f8841330818a < 0c88868271653537ed443272dd8e7d13634d214bLinux 3.8Refer to the linked advisories for vendor-supplied fixes and affected version ranges.
Connected by shared product, vendor, weakness, or advisory.
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