---
id: CVE-2026-74238
title: >-
  TIER IV Nebula through 1.2.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in
  the Vlp32Decoder::unpack() function that allows unauthenticated remote
  attackers to cause the decoder to read past the end of a received UDP buffer
  into adjacen…
summary: >-
  TIER IV Nebula through 1.2.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in
  the Vlp32Decoder::unpack() function that allows unauthenticated remote
  attackers to cause the decoder to read past the end of a received UDP buffer
  into adjacen…
severity: high
cvss: 7.5
cvssVector: 'CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N'
cwe:
  - CWE-125
published: '2026-08-17'
updated: '2026-09-24'
sourceUpdated: '2026-09-24T20:06:30.133'
source: NVD
sourceUrl: 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-74238'
references:
  - url: 'https://github.com/tier4/nebula/issues/488'
    label: disclosure@vulncheck.com
  - url: >-
      https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tier-iv-nebula-heap-out-of-bounds-read-via-vlp32-udp-decoder
    label: disclosure@vulncheck.com
tags:
  - nvd
epss: 0.00483
epssPercentile: 0.38991
ingestedAt: '2026-09-24T20:51:40.206Z'
---

## Overview

TIER IV Nebula through 1.2.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the Vlp32Decoder::unpack() function that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to cause the decoder to read past the end of a received UDP buffer into adjacent heap memory by sending a short UDP datagram. Attackers can send a malformed datagram to the Velodyne UDP sensor port, which lacks sender-address restrictions present in other drivers, causing fabricated points derived from heap memory contents to be silently published into downstream PointCloud2 messages consumed by Autoware nodes.

## Remediation

Refer to the linked advisories for vendor-supplied fixes and affected version ranges.