---
id: CVE-2026-4946
title: >-
  Ghidra versions prior to 12.0.3 improperly process annotation directives
  embedded in automatically extracted binary data, resulting in arbitrary
  command execution when an analyst interacts with the UI
summary: >-
  Ghidra versions prior to 12.0.3 improperly process annotation directives
  embedded in automatically extracted binary data, resulting in arbitrary
  command execution when an analyst interacts with the UI. Specifically, the
  @execute annotati…
severity: high
cvss: 8.8
cvssVector: 'CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H'
cwe:
  - CWE-78
vendor: nsa
product: ghidra
affected:
  - ghidra < 12.0.3
patched:
  - ghidra 12.0.3
published: '2026-03-29'
updated: '2026-08-10'
source: NVD
sourceUrl: 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4946'
references:
  - url: >-
      https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/security/advisories/GHSA-mc3p-mq2p-xw6v
    label: cve@takeonme.org
  - url: >-
      https://takeonme.org/gcves/GCVE-1337-2026-00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001011111111111000111111110000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000110
    label: cve@takeonme.org
  - url: >-
      https://takeonme.org/gcves/GCVE-1337-2026-00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001011111111111000111111110000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000110
    label: 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
tags:
  - nvd
epss: 0.00481
epssPercentile: 0.40632
ingestedAt: '2026-08-10T14:40:50.015Z'
---

## Overview

Ghidra versions prior to 12.0.3 improperly process annotation directives embedded in automatically extracted binary data, resulting in arbitrary command execution when an analyst interacts with the UI. Specifically, the @execute annotation (which is intended for trusted, user-authored comments) is also parsed in comments generated during auto-analysis (such as CFStrings in Mach-O binaries). This allows a crafted binary to present seemingly benign clickable text which, when clicked, executes attacker-controlled commands on the analyst’s machine.

## Affected

- `ghidra < 12.0.3`

## Remediation

Upgrade past the affected range:

- `ghidra 12.0.3`