--- id: CVE-2026-12003 title: |- To allow builds of Python to be run from an in-tree layout (rather than an installed file layout), the VPATH variable is defined at build time and used to locate certain landmarks - specifically, Modules/setup.local summary: |- To allow builds of Python to be run from an in-tree layout (rather than an installed file layout), the VPATH variable is defined at build time and used to locate certain landmarks - specifically, Modules/setup.local. When this landmark i… severity: high cwe: - CWE-427 - CWE-426 published: '2026-06-16' updated: '2026-08-06' source: NVD sourceUrl: 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-12003' references: - url: >- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/03ab7b44788bfd6b8927e16bcdbd025aa08dce06 label: cna@python.org - url: >- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/16c40f944b7bff724a403cf4902763d095bb4b2a label: cna@python.org - url: >- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/9e863fab283eddca9c2a8f9d1ee30f4dc243e314 label: cna@python.org - url: >- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/a86de0bc236fbb9452f98998fc8437e9fca35700 label: cna@python.org - url: >- https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/b93d6d3399adbd3a5037b6b92fc3587c85ac5d56 label: cna@python.org - url: 'https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/151544' label: cna@python.org - url: 'https://github.com/python/cpython/pull/151545' label: cna@python.org - url: >- https://https://mail.python.org/archives/list/security-announce@python.org/thread/JIFOBO7UX3LY4VJKJUOKYJV62CFR2IRH/ label: cna@python.org - url: 'http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/06/16/8' label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 - url: >- https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-12003.json - url: 'https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-12003' - url: 'https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2489322' - url: 'https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-12003' - url: 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-12003' - url: 'https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:67572' - url: 'https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:68135' - url: 'https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:68154' - url: 'https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:68309' tags: - nvd - csaf - vex - red-hat epss: 0.00147 epssPercentile: 0.03283 ingestedAt: '2026-08-06T19:02:49.962Z' vendor: Red Hat cvss: 7.8 cvssVector: 'CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H' cvssSource: vendor product: Red Hat Hardened Images affected: - hardened_images patched: - hardened_images --- ## Overview To allow builds of Python to be run from an in-tree layout (rather than an installed file layout), the VPATH variable is defined at build time and used to locate certain landmarks - specifically, Modules/setup.local. When this landmark is found relative to VPATH relative to the executable, Python assumes it is running in a source tree and generates a different default sys.path. This code remains in release builds, so that release-ready builds can be built in-tree. On Windows, since builds are written to 'PCbuild/', the value of VPATH is set to '..\..', which results in a landmark of '..\..\Modules\setup.local'. This path is outside the install directory of Python, and may have different permissions, potentially allowing a low-privilege user to create the landmark and an alternative `Lib` folder that will be discovered by an otherwise restricted install. Such a setup occurs with the legacy default install location for all users (in the now superseded EXE installer), due to how Windows allows all users to create folders in the root directory of their OS drive. Our recommended mitigation on Windows is to migrate away from the legacy installer and use the new [Python install manager](https://www.python.org/downloads/latest/pymanager/) to install for the current user. Installs where the directory two levels above the Python installation directory have equivalent permissions are unaffected (in general, a per-user install cannot be modified at all by other users, removing any escalation of privilege risk, and could be directly modified by a privileged user, making the potential tampering irrelevant). Alternative mitigations might include preemptively creating and restricting access to a `Modules` directory. Be aware that only 3.13 and 3.14 will receive updated legacy installers - earlier fixes are only provided as sources. Platforms other than Windows allow VPATH to be overridden, but as they don't usually use a separated directory in the build for binaries, are unlikely to have a landmark reference outside of the install directory. The landmark detection involving VPATH is a fallback for when a more specific landmark - .\pybuilddir.txt - is absent, and was included for compatibility. Future releases of Python will no longer include the fallback, and so builds will need to generate or preserve the pybuilddir.txt file in order to work in-tree. This landmark file has been generated on Windows since 3.11, and on other platforms for longer. ## Remediation Refer to the linked advisories for vendor-supplied fixes and affected version ranges. ## Vendor advisories - **Red Hat VEX** · Important · affected: Red Hat Hardened Images · no fix planned: Red Hat Hardened Images · updated 2026-09-21 · [vex](https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-12003.json) - **RHSA-2026:67572** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat Hardened Images · released 2026-09-15 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:67572) - **RHSA-2026:68135** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat Hardened Images · released 2026-09-16 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:68135) - **RHSA-2026:68154** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat Hardened Images · released 2026-09-16 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:68154) - **RHSA-2026:68309** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat Hardened Images · released 2026-09-16 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:68309)