---
id: CVE-2025-54100
title: >-
  Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command
  injection') in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute
  code locally.
summary: >-
  Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command
  injection') in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute
  code locally.
severity: high
cvss: 7.8
cvssVector: 'CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H'
cwe:
  - CWE-77
vendor: microsoft
product: windows_10_1607
affected:
  - windows_10_1607 < 10.0.14393.8688
  - windows_10_1809 < 10.0.17763.8146
  - windows_10_21h2 < 10.0.19044.6691
  - windows_10_22h2 < 10.0.19045.6691
  - windows_11_23h2 < 10.0.22631.6345
  - windows_11_24h2 < 10.0.26100.7456
  - windows_11_25h2 < 10.0.26200.7456
  - windows_server_2008
  - windows_server_2008 = r2
  - windows_server_2012
  - windows_server_2012 = r2
  - windows_server_2016 < 10.0.14393.8688
  - windows_server_2019 < 10.0.17763.8146
  - windows_server_2022 < 10.0.20348.4529
  - windows_server_2022_23h2 < 10.0.25398.2025
  - windows_server_2025 < 10.0.26100.7456
patched:
  - windows_10_1607 10.0.14393.8688
  - windows_10_1809 10.0.17763.8146
  - windows_10_21h2 10.0.19044.6691
  - windows_10_22h2 10.0.19045.6691
  - windows_11_23h2 10.0.22631.6345
  - windows_11_24h2 10.0.26100.7456
  - windows_11_25h2 10.0.26200.7456
  - windows_server_2016 10.0.14393.8688
  - windows_server_2019 10.0.17763.8146
  - windows_server_2022 10.0.20348.4529
  - windows_server_2022_23h2 10.0.25398.2025
  - windows_server_2025 10.0.26100.7456
published: '2025-12-09'
updated: '2026-09-30'
sourceUpdated: '2026-09-30T20:10:00.247'
source: NVD
sourceUrl: 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54100'
references:
  - url: 'https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54100'
    label: secure@microsoft.com
  - url: >-
      https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-54100-detect-powershell-vulnerability
    label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
  - url: >-
      https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-54100-mitigate-powershell-vulnerability
    label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
tags:
  - nvd
  - exploit-available
epss: 0.02234
epssPercentile: 0.82136
exploits:
  github: 3
  githubRepos:
    - 'https://github.com/ThemeHackers/CVE-2025-54100'
    - 'https://github.com/osman1337-security/CVE-2025-54100'
    - 'https://github.com/xiaoLvChen/CVE-2025-54100'
  checkedAt: '2026-09-30T20:23:53.985Z'
exploitAvailable: true
ingestedAt: '2026-09-30T20:23:19.442Z'
---

## Overview

Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.

## Affected

- `windows_10_1607 < 10.0.14393.8688`
- `windows_10_1809 < 10.0.17763.8146`
- `windows_10_21h2 < 10.0.19044.6691`
- `windows_10_22h2 < 10.0.19045.6691`
- `windows_11_23h2 < 10.0.22631.6345`
- `windows_11_24h2 < 10.0.26100.7456`
- `windows_11_25h2 < 10.0.26200.7456`
- `windows_server_2008`
- `windows_server_2008 = r2`
- `windows_server_2012`
- `windows_server_2012 = r2`
- `windows_server_2016 < 10.0.14393.8688`
- `windows_server_2019 < 10.0.17763.8146`
- `windows_server_2022 < 10.0.20348.4529`
- `windows_server_2022_23h2 < 10.0.25398.2025`
- `windows_server_2025 < 10.0.26100.7456`

## Remediation

Upgrade past the affected range:

- `windows_10_1607 10.0.14393.8688`
- `windows_10_1809 10.0.17763.8146`
- `windows_10_21h2 10.0.19044.6691`
- `windows_10_22h2 10.0.19045.6691`
- `windows_11_23h2 10.0.22631.6345`
- `windows_11_24h2 10.0.26100.7456`
- `windows_11_25h2 10.0.26200.7456`
- `windows_server_2016 10.0.14393.8688`
- `windows_server_2019 10.0.17763.8146`
- `windows_server_2022 10.0.20348.4529`
- `windows_server_2022_23h2 10.0.25398.2025`
- `windows_server_2025 10.0.26100.7456`