CVE-2025-40300None▾ SunlitIn the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: x86/vmscape: Add conditional IBPB mitigation VMSCAPE is a vulnerability that exploits insufficient branch predictor isolation between a guest and a userspace hyperviso…
▾ Sunlit zone — Low / medium · no exploitation signal
impact 2.8 · likelihood 0.1 · exploitation 0
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Stakeholder-Specific Vulnerability Categorization from CISA's ADP record at CVE.org: whether exploitation is observed, whether an attack can be automated, and how much of the system is at stake.
Exploit-prediction probability, daily snapshots since Sep 8.
Disclosure to exploitation, from the record and what we observed since indexing it.
Disclosed via CVEORG
Last analysed / modified upstream
0.3%
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
x86/vmscape: Add conditional IBPB mitigation
VMSCAPE is a vulnerability that exploits insufficient branch predictor isolation between a guest and a userspace hypervisor (like QEMU). Existing mitigations already protect kernel/KVM from a malicious guest. Userspace can additionally be protected by flushing the branch predictors after a VMexit.
Since it is the userspace that consumes the poisoned branch predictors, conditionally issue an IBPB after a VMexit and before returning to userspace. Workloads that frequently switch between hypervisor and userspace will incur the most overhead from the new IBPB.
This new IBPB is not integrated with the existing IBPB sites. For instance, a task can use the existing speculation control prctl() to get an IBPB at context switch time. With this implementation, the IBPB is doubled up: one at context switch and another before running userspace.
The intent is to integrate and optimize these cases post-embargo.
[ dhansen: elaborate on suboptimal IBPB solution ]
Linux >= 15d45071523d89b3fb7372e2135fbd72f6af9506 < ac60717f9a8d21c58617d0b34274babf24135835Linux >= 15d45071523d89b3fb7372e2135fbd72f6af9506 < c08192b5d6730a914dee6175bc71092ee6a65f14Linux >= 15d45071523d89b3fb7372e2135fbd72f6af9506 < d5490dfa35427a2967e00a4c7a1b95fdbc8ede34Linux >= 15d45071523d89b3fb7372e2135fbd72f6af9506 < 2f4f2f8f860cb4c3336a7435ebe8dcfded0c9c6eLinux >= 15d45071523d89b3fb7372e2135fbd72f6af9506 < 15006289e5c38b2a830e1fba221977a27598176cLinux >= 15d45071523d89b3fb7372e2135fbd72f6af9506 < 893387c18612bb452336a5881da0d015a7e8f4a2Linux >= 15d45071523d89b3fb7372e2135fbd72f6af9506 < f866eef8d1c65504d30923c3f14082ad294d0e6dLinux >= 15d45071523d89b3fb7372e2135fbd72f6af9506 < 34e5667041050711a947e260fc9ebebe08bddee5Linux >= 15d45071523d89b3fb7372e2135fbd72f6af9506 < d7ddc93392e4a7ffcccc86edf6ef3e64c778db52Linux >= 15d45071523d89b3fb7372e2135fbd72f6af9506 < 459274c77b37ac63b78c928b4b4e748d1f9d05c8Linux >= 15d45071523d89b3fb7372e2135fbd72f6af9506 < 510603f504796c3535f67f55fb0b124a303b44c8Linux >= 15d45071523d89b3fb7372e2135fbd72f6af9506 < 9c23a90648e831d611152ac08dbcd1283d405e7fLinux >= 15d45071523d89b3fb7372e2135fbd72f6af9506 < 2f8f173413f1cbf52660d04df92d0069c4306d25Linux c51f1e5f57cca88d8d5894b6fad1638f643a99d0Linux 4b3870c343a82cd2df7192cc5149c87205dcc611Linux >= 3.16.57 < 3.17Linux >= 4.4.168 < 4.5Linux 4.16Refer to the linked advisories for vendor-supplied fixes and affected version ranges.
Connected by shared product, vendor, weakness, or advisory.
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