---
id: CVE-2025-21731
title: |-
  In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

  nbd: don't allow reconnect after disconnect

  Following process can cause nbd_config UAF:

  1) grab nbd_config temporarily;

  2) nbd_genl_disconnect() flush all recv_work(…
summary: |-
  In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

  nbd: don't allow reconnect after disconnect

  Following process can cause nbd_config UAF:

  1) grab nbd_config temporarily;

  2) nbd_genl_disconnect() flush all recv_work(…
severity: high
cvss: 7.8
cvssVector: 'CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H'
cwe:
  - CWE-416
vendor: linux
product: linux_kernel
affected:
  - 'linux_kernel >= 4.12, < 5.4.291'
  - 'linux_kernel >= 5.5, < 5.10.235'
  - 'linux_kernel >= 5.11, < 5.15.179'
  - 'linux_kernel >= 5.16, < 6.1.129'
  - 'linux_kernel >= 6.2, < 6.6.76'
  - 'linux_kernel >= 6.7, < 6.12.13'
  - 'linux_kernel >= 6.13, < 6.13.2'
patched:
  - linux_kernel 6.13.2
published: '2025-02-27'
updated: '2026-07-14'
source: NVD
sourceUrl: 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21731'
references:
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6bef6222a3f6c7adb6396f77f25a3579d821b09a'
    label: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/844b8cdc681612ff24df62cdefddeab5772fadf1'
    label: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9793bd5ae4bdbdb2dde401a3cab94a6bfd05e302'
    label: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a8ee6ecde2b7bfb58c8a3afe8a9d2b848f580739'
    label: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d208d2c52b652913b5eefc8ca434b0d6b757f68f'
    label: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3be8862d73cac833e0fb7602636c19c6cb94b11'
    label: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e70a578487a47d7cf058904141e586684d1c3381'
    label: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
  - url: 'https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7343fa33751cb07c1c56b666bf37cfca357130e'
    label: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
  - url: 'https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html'
    label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
  - url: 'https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html'
    label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108
  - url: 'https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html'
    label: 0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e
tags:
  - nvd
  - cve.org
epss: 0.00231
epssPercentile: 0.12372
ingestedAt: '2026-07-14T13:36:55.404Z'
ssvc:
  exploitation: none
  automatable: 'no'
  technicalImpact: total
  timestamp: '2025-02-27T17:58:00.860096Z'
---

## Overview

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

nbd: don't allow reconnect after disconnect

Following process can cause nbd_config UAF:

1) grab nbd_config temporarily;

2) nbd_genl_disconnect() flush all recv_work() and release the
initial reference:

  nbd_genl_disconnect
   nbd_disconnect_and_put
    nbd_disconnect
     flush_workqueue(nbd->recv_workq)
    if (test_and_clear_bit(NBD_RT_HAS_CONFIG_REF, ...))
     nbd_config_put
     -> due to step 1), reference is still not zero

3) nbd_genl_reconfigure() queue recv_work() again;

  nbd_genl_reconfigure
   config = nbd_get_config_unlocked(nbd)
   if (!config)
   -> succeed
   if (!test_bit(NBD_RT_BOUND, ...))
   -> succeed
   nbd_reconnect_socket
    queue_work(nbd->recv_workq, &args->work)

4) step 1) release the reference;

5) Finially, recv_work() will trigger UAF:

  recv_work
   nbd_config_put(nbd)
   -> nbd_config is freed
   atomic_dec(&config->recv_threads)
   -> UAF

Fix the problem by clearing NBD_RT_BOUND in nbd_genl_disconnect(), so
that nbd_genl_reconfigure() will fail.

## Affected

- `linux_kernel >= 4.12, < 5.4.291`
- `linux_kernel >= 5.5, < 5.10.235`
- `linux_kernel >= 5.11, < 5.15.179`
- `linux_kernel >= 5.16, < 6.1.129`
- `linux_kernel >= 6.2, < 6.6.76`
- `linux_kernel >= 6.7, < 6.12.13`
- `linux_kernel >= 6.13, < 6.13.2`

## Remediation

Upgrade past the affected range:

- `linux_kernel 6.13.2`