--- id: CVE-2002-20001 title: >- The Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement Protocol allows remote attackers (from the client side) to send arbitrary numbers that are actually not public keys, and trigger expensive server-side DHE modular-exponentiation calculations, aka a D(HE)a… summary: >- The Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement Protocol allows remote attackers (from the client side) to send arbitrary numbers that are actually not public keys, and trigger expensive server-side DHE modular-exponentiation calculations, aka a D(HE)a… severity: high cvss: 7.5 cvssVector: 'CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H' cwe: - CWE-400 vendor: balasys product: dheater affected: - dheater - scalance_w1750d_firmware - linux_enterprise_server = 11 - linux_enterprise_server = 12 - linux_enterprise_server = 15 - 'big-ip_access_policy_manager >= 13.1.0, < 16.1.4' - 'big-ip_access_policy_manager >= 17.0.0, < 17.1.0' - 'big-ip_advanced_firewall_manager >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_advanced_firewall_manager = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_advanced_web_application_firewall >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_advanced_web_application_firewall = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_analytics >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_analytics = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_application_acceleration_manager >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_application_acceleration_manager = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_application_security_manager >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_application_security_manager = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_application_visibility_and_reporting >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_application_visibility_and_reporting = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_carrier-grade_nat >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_carrier-grade_nat = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_ddos_hybrid_defender >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_ddos_hybrid_defender = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_domain_name_system >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_domain_name_system = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_edge_gateway >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_edge_gateway = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_fraud_protection_service >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_fraud_protection_service = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_global_traffic_manager >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_global_traffic_manager = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_link_controller >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_link_controller = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_local_traffic_manager >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_local_traffic_manager = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_policy_enforcement_manager >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_policy_enforcement_manager = 17.5.0 - big-ip_service_proxy = 1.6.0 - 'big-ip_ssl_orchestrator >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_ssl_orchestrator = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_webaccelerator >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_webaccelerator = 17.5.0 - 'big-ip_websafe >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2' - big-ip_websafe = 17.5.0 - 'big-iq_centralized_management >= 8.0.0, <= 8.4.0' - big-iq_centralized_management = 7.1.0 - traffix_signaling_delivery_controller = 5.1.0 - traffix_signaling_delivery_controller = 5.2.0 - 'f5os-a >= 1.3.0, <= 1.3.2' - 'f5os-a >= 1.5.0, <= 1.5.3' - f5os-a = 1.8.0 - 'f5os-c >= 1.3.0, <= 1.3.2' - 'f5os-c >= 1.6.0, <= 1.6.2' - f5os-c = 1.5.0 - f5os-c = 1.5.1 - f5os-c = 1.8.0 - f5os-c = 1.8.1 - 'arubaos-cx >= 10.06.0000, < 10.06.0180' - 'arubaos-cx >= 10.07.0000, < 10.07.0030' - 'arubaos-cx >= 10.08.0000, < 10.08.0010' - 'arubaos-cx >= 10.09.0000, < 10.09.0002' - stormshield_management_center < 3.3.3 - 'stormshield_network_security >= 2.7.0, < 4.3.16' - 'stormshield_network_security >= 4.4.0, < 4.6.3' patched: - big-ip_access_policy_manager 17.1.0 - arubaos-cx 10.09.0002 - stormshield_management_center 3.3.3 - stormshield_network_security 4.6.3 published: '2021-11-11' updated: '2026-09-23' sourceUpdated: '2026-09-23T13:10:00.153' source: NVD sourceUrl: 'https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2002-20001' references: - url: 'https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-506569.pdf' label: cve@mitre.org - url: 'https://dheatattack.com' label: cve@mitre.org - url: 'https://dheatattack.gitlab.io/' label: cve@mitre.org - url: 'https://github.com/Balasys/dheater' label: cve@mitre.org - url: 'https://github.com/mozilla/ssl-config-generator/issues/162' label: cve@mitre.org - url: 'https://gitlab.com/dheatattack/dheater' label: cve@mitre.org - url: 'https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10374117' label: cve@mitre.org - url: 'https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K83120834' label: cve@mitre.org - url: 'https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2022-004.txt' label: cve@mitre.org - url: 'https://www.openssl.org/blog/blog/2022/10/21/tls-groups-configuration/' label: cve@mitre.org - url: >- https://www.reddit.com/r/netsec/comments/qdoosy/server_overload_by_enforcing_dhe_key_exchange/ label: cve@mitre.org - url: >- https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Anton-Stiglic-2/publication/2401745_Security_Issues_in_the_Diffie-Hellman_Key_Agreement_Protocol label: cve@mitre.org - url: 'https://www.suse.com/support/kb/doc/?id=000020510' label: cve@mitre.org - url: 'https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-506569.pdf' label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 - url: 'https://dheatattack.com' label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 - url: 'https://dheatattack.gitlab.io/' label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 - url: 'https://github.com/Balasys/dheater' label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 - url: 'https://github.com/mozilla/ssl-config-generator/issues/162' label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 - url: 'https://gitlab.com/dheatattack/dheater' label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 - url: 'https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10374117' label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 - url: 'https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K83120834' label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 - url: 'https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2022-004.txt' label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 - url: 'https://www.openssl.org/blog/blog/2022/10/21/tls-groups-configuration/' label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 - url: >- https://www.reddit.com/r/netsec/comments/qdoosy/server_overload_by_enforcing_dhe_key_exchange/ label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 - url: >- https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Anton-Stiglic-2/publication/2401745_Security_Issues_in_the_Diffie-Hellman_Key_Agreement_Protocol label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 - url: 'https://www.suse.com/support/kb/doc/?id=000020510' label: af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108 tags: - nvd - exploit-available epss: 0.24639 epssPercentile: 0.97787 exploits: github: 2 githubRepos: - 'https://github.com/c0r0n3r/dheater' - 'https://github.com/itmaniac/dheat_dos_attack_poc' checkedAt: '2026-09-23T13:25:18.041Z' exploitAvailable: true ingestedAt: '2026-09-23T13:24:43.387Z' --- ## Overview The Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement Protocol allows remote attackers (from the client side) to send arbitrary numbers that are actually not public keys, and trigger expensive server-side DHE modular-exponentiation calculations, aka a D(HE)at or D(HE)ater attack. The client needs very little CPU resources and network bandwidth. The attack may be more disruptive in cases where a client can require a server to select its largest supported key size. The basic attack scenario is that the client must claim that it can only communicate with DHE, and the server must be configured to allow DHE. ## Affected - `dheater` - `scalance_w1750d_firmware` - `linux_enterprise_server = 11` - `linux_enterprise_server = 12` - `linux_enterprise_server = 15` - `big-ip_access_policy_manager >= 13.1.0, < 16.1.4` - `big-ip_access_policy_manager >= 17.0.0, < 17.1.0` - `big-ip_advanced_firewall_manager >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_advanced_firewall_manager = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_advanced_web_application_firewall >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_advanced_web_application_firewall = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_analytics >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_analytics = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_application_acceleration_manager >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_application_acceleration_manager = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_application_security_manager >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_application_security_manager = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_application_visibility_and_reporting >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_application_visibility_and_reporting = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_carrier-grade_nat >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_carrier-grade_nat = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_ddos_hybrid_defender >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_ddos_hybrid_defender = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_domain_name_system >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_domain_name_system = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_edge_gateway >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_edge_gateway = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_fraud_protection_service >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_fraud_protection_service = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_global_traffic_manager >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_global_traffic_manager = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_link_controller >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_link_controller = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_local_traffic_manager >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_local_traffic_manager = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_policy_enforcement_manager >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_policy_enforcement_manager = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_service_proxy = 1.6.0` - `big-ip_ssl_orchestrator >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_ssl_orchestrator = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_webaccelerator >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_webaccelerator = 17.5.0` - `big-ip_websafe >= 13.1.0, <= 17.1.2` - `big-ip_websafe = 17.5.0` - `big-iq_centralized_management >= 8.0.0, <= 8.4.0` - `big-iq_centralized_management = 7.1.0` - `traffix_signaling_delivery_controller = 5.1.0` - `traffix_signaling_delivery_controller = 5.2.0` - `f5os-a >= 1.3.0, <= 1.3.2` - `f5os-a >= 1.5.0, <= 1.5.3` - `f5os-a = 1.8.0` - `f5os-c >= 1.3.0, <= 1.3.2` - `f5os-c >= 1.6.0, <= 1.6.2` - `f5os-c = 1.5.0` - `f5os-c = 1.5.1` - `f5os-c = 1.8.0` - `f5os-c = 1.8.1` - `arubaos-cx >= 10.06.0000, < 10.06.0180` - `arubaos-cx >= 10.07.0000, < 10.07.0030` - `arubaos-cx >= 10.08.0000, < 10.08.0010` - `arubaos-cx >= 10.09.0000, < 10.09.0002` - `stormshield_management_center < 3.3.3` - `stormshield_network_security >= 2.7.0, < 4.3.16` - `stormshield_network_security >= 4.4.0, < 4.6.3` ## Remediation Upgrade past the affected range: - `big-ip_access_policy_manager 17.1.0` - `arubaos-cx 10.09.0002` - `stormshield_management_center 3.3.3` - `stormshield_network_security 4.6.3`