{"id":"CVE-2026-98231","title":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush\n\nThe deferred-device pass in xfrm_dev_state_flush() finds states under\nxfrm_state_dev_gc_lock, but drops the lock befor…","summary":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush\n\nThe deferred-device pass in xfrm_dev_state_flush() finds states under\nxfrm_state_dev_gc_lock, but drops the lock befor…","severity":"none","vendor":"Linux","product":"Linux","affected":["Linux >= d5f53edd43daf3e6e1633a49c561387f8f99e13f < 937108dc0258d6ac69926b00bc53598c98986ee1","Linux >= 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 < 39e41af3653ee45c985190dd97426f318918d201","Linux >= 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 < 75fc4561772e2f9811abf39ed10443e6f4a4bc6c","Linux >= 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 < 84e378395494963b1e581cf223a7cbeec8c0e2d6","Linux >= 07b87f9eea0c30675084d50c82532d20168da009 < 89fefad9f971bc637fb22373078144f2563c4be9","Linux 8ecee44464a4926c9bef989a1490b7394785f584","Linux >= 6.6.44 < 6.6.158","Linux >= 6.10.3 < 6.11","Linux 6.11"],"published":"2026-10-06","updated":"2026-10-06","sourceUpdated":"2026-10-06T09:18:10.540","source":"NVD","sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98231","references":[{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39e41af3653ee45c985190dd97426f318918d201","label":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/75fc4561772e2f9811abf39ed10443e6f4a4bc6c","label":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/84e378395494963b1e581cf223a7cbeec8c0e2d6","label":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/89fefad9f971bc637fb22373078144f2563c4be9","label":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"},{"url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/937108dc0258d6ac69926b00bc53598c98986ee1","label":"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"}],"tags":["nvd","cve.org"],"ingestedAt":"2026-10-06T08:50:17.436Z","slug":"CVE-2026-98231","body":"## Overview\n\nIn the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxfrm: serialize state GC with device state flush\n\nThe deferred-device pass in xfrm_dev_state_flush() finds states under\nxfrm_state_dev_gc_lock, but drops the lock before calling\nxfrm_dev_state_free() because the driver callback may sleep.  The device\nGC list does not hold an xfrm_state reference, so the state GC worker can\ndestroy the same state concurrently.\n\nThe race can proceed as follows:\n\n  CPU 0                               CPU 1\n  find x on the device GC list\n  drop xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock\n  read x->xso.dev\n                                      xfrm_state_gc_destroy(x)\n                                      xfrm_dev_state_free(x)\n                                      xfrm_state_free(x)\n  continue xfrm_dev_state_free(x)\n\nBoth paths can invoke the driver callback and drop the device reference.\nCPU 0 can also access the xfrm_state after CPU 1 has freed it.\n\nKASAN reported:\n\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0\n  Read of size 8 at addr ffff88810bbaa960 by task poc/102\n\n  Call Trace:\n   xfrm_dev_state_free+0x24c/0x2a0\n   xfrm_dev_state_flush+0x353/0x400\n   xfrm_dev_event+0x26d/0x3a0\n   notifier_call_chain+0xc0/0x280\n   __dev_notify_flags+0x169/0x250\n   netif_change_flags+0xe7/0x160\n   dev_change_flags+0x96/0x220\n   devinet_ioctl+0x7f4/0x1880\n\n  Allocated by task 87:\n   xfrm_state_alloc+0x1e/0x5c0\n   xfrm_add_sa+0xe7f/0x5820\n   xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x4f3/0x940\n\n  Freed by task 57:\n   kmem_cache_free+0xcb/0x3d0\n   xfrm_state_gc_task+0x4a8/0x650\n   process_one_work+0x63a/0x1070\n\nSerialize xfrm_state destruction against the deferred-device pass with a\nmutex.  Keep xfrm_state_dev_gc_lock limited to list operations and retain\nthe existing callback and device-reference release ordering.\n\n## Remediation\n\nRefer to the linked advisories for vendor-supplied fixes and affected version ranges.","depth":"sunlit","depthScore":3,"depthScoreParts":{"impact":2.8,"likelihood":0,"exploitation":0,"ransomware":0},"changes":[]}