{"id":"CVE-2026-54502","title":"Oj: Stack Buffer Overflow in Oj.dump via Large Indent","summary":"Oj: Stack Buffer Overflow in Oj.dump via Large Indent","severity":"high","cwe":["CWE-121"],"vendor":"oj","product":"oj","affected":["oj < 3.17.2"],"patched":["oj 3.17.3"],"published":"2026-06-19","updated":"2026-06-19","source":"GHSA","sourceUrl":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-3v45-f3vh-wg7m","references":[{"url":"https://github.com/ohler55/oj/security/advisories/GHSA-3v45-f3vh-wg7m"},{"url":"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-3v45-f3vh-wg7m"}],"tags":["ghsa","rubygems"],"ingestedAt":"2026-06-22T15:52:21.052Z","ecosystem":"rubygems","epss":0.00338,"epssPercentile":0.27329,"slug":"CVE-2026-54502","body":"## Overview\n\n### Summary\n\n`Oj.dump` is vulnerable to a stack-based buffer overflow when a large `:indent` value is provided by the developer. `fill_indent` in `dump.h` calls `memset(indent_str, ' ', (size_t)opts->indent)` without validating the size. When `opts->indent` is set to `INT_MAX` (2,147,483,647), the `(size_t)` cast preserves the large value and `memset` writes 2 GB into the stack-allocated `out` buffer (4,184 bytes), corrupting the stack and crashing the process.\n\n### Version\n\n- **Software**: oj gem\n- **Affected**: all versions with `ext/oj/dump.h`\n- **Latest tested**: 3.17.1 (confirmed present)\n\n### Details\n\n`ext/oj/dump.h`, line 77:\n\n```c\nstatic void fill_indent(Out out, int depth) {\n    if (0 < out->opts->indent) {\n        size_t len = (size_t)(out->opts->indent * depth);\n        // ...\n        memset(out->buf + ..., ' ', len);  // len = 2147483647 * depth\n```\n\nThe `indent` option is accepted as a plain Ruby integer and stored as `int` without range validation. Multiplying by `depth` can produce a value larger than any stack or heap buffer.\n\nASAN report:\n```\n==69820==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: stack-buffer-overflow on address 0x7fd1fc201278\nWRITE of size 2147483647 at 0x7fd1fc201278 thread T0\n    #0 memset\n    #1 fill_indent  /ext/oj/dump.h:77\n    #2 dump_array   /ext/oj/dump_compat.c:165\n    #3 oj_dump_obj_to_json_using_params  /ext/oj/dump.c:818\n    #4 dump_body    /ext/oj/oj.c:1429\n    #5 dump         /ext/oj/oj.c:1480\nAddress is in stack of thread T0 at offset 4728 in frame:\n    #0 dump /ext/oj/oj.c:1453\n  [544, 4728) 'out'  <== Memory access at offset 4728 overflows this variable\n```\n\n### Reproduce\n\n```ruby\nrequire \"oj\"\nobj = [0]\nOj.dump(obj, mode: :compat, indent: 2_147_483_647)\n```\n\n### Workaround\n\nThe develop should not use extreme indents and should not offer the option for users to dump Ruby data with unlimited indentation size.\n\n## Affected packages\n\n- `oj < 3.17.2`\n\n## Remediation\n\nUpgrade to a patched release:\n\n- `oj 3.17.3`","depth":"twilight","depthScore":41,"depthScoreParts":{"impact":41.3,"likelihood":0.1,"exploitation":0,"ransomware":0},"changes":[]}