{"id":"CVE-2025-66448","title":"vllm: vLLM: Remote Code Execution via malicious model configuration (CVE-2025-66448)","summary":"A remote code execution vulnerability has been identified in vLLM. An attacker can exploit a weakness in the model loading process to silently fetch and run unauthorized, malicious Python code on the host system. This happens because the e…","severity":"high","cvss":7.5,"cvssVector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","cvssSource":"vendor","cwe":"CWE-94","vendor":"Red Hat","product":"Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3","affected":["enterprise_linux_ai_rhel_ai","enterprise_linux_ai_rhel_ai 3","openshift_ai_rhoai","ai_inference_server 3.2","ai_inference_server 3.3","openshift_ai 2.25","openshift_ai 3.3"],"patched":["ai_inference_server 3.2","ai_inference_server 3.3","openshift_ai 2.25","openshift_ai 3.3"],"published":"2025-12-01","updated":"2026-09-21","sourceUpdated":"2026-09-21T16:28:50+00:00","source":"CSAF","sourceUrl":"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-66448.json","references":[{"url":"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-66448.json"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-66448"},{"url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2418152"},{"url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-66448"},{"url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66448"},{"url":"https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/commit/ffb08379d8870a1a81ba82b72797f196838d0c86"},{"url":"https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/28126"},{"url":"https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/advisories/GHSA-8fr4-5q9j-m8gm"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23080"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23204"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23078"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3461"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3462"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23079"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23449"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23205"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23209"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30087"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3782"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3713"},{"url":"https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19712"},{"url":"https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm"}],"tags":["csaf","vex","red-hat","osv","pip"],"epss":0.0066,"epssPercentile":0.49381,"aliases":["GHSA-8fr4-5q9j-m8gm","PYSEC-2026-2015"],"ecosystem":"pip","scores":{"vendor":7.5,"osv":7.1},"ingestedAt":"2026-07-08T18:25:47.470Z","slug":"CVE-2025-66448","body":"## Overview\n\nA remote code execution vulnerability has been identified in vLLM. An attacker can exploit a weakness in the model loading process to silently fetch and run unauthorized, malicious Python code on the host system. This happens because the engine mistakenly executes code from a remote repository referenced in a model's configuration, even when explicit security measures are set to prevent it.\n\n## Vendor advisories\n\n- **RHSA-2025:23080** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 · released 2025-12-10 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23080)\n- **RHSA-2025:23204** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 · released 2025-12-15 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23204)\n- **RHSA-2025:23078** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 · released 2025-12-10 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23078)\n- **RHSA-2026:3461** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 · released 2026-02-27 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3461)\n- **RHSA-2026:3462** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 · released 2026-02-27 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3462)\n- **RHSA-2025:23079** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 · released 2025-12-10 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23079)\n- **RHSA-2025:23449** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 · released 2025-12-17 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23449)\n- **RHSA-2025:23205** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 · released 2025-12-15 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23205)\n- **RHSA-2025:23209** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 · released 2025-12-15 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23209)\n- **RHSA-2026:30087** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3 · released 2026-06-25 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30087)\n- **RHSA-2026:3782** · Red Hat · fixed in: Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25 · released 2026-03-04 · [advisory](https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3782)\n- **Red Hat VEX** · Important · affected: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI), Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3, Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) · no fix planned: Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI), Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3, Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI) · updated 2026-09-21 · [vex](https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-66448.json)\n\n**vllm: vLLM: Remote Code Execution via malicious model configuration** — rated Important by Red Hat. Released 2025-12-01, updated 2026-09-21.\n\nAffected:\n\n- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI)\n- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3\n- Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)\n\nFixed:\n\n- Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2\n- Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.3\n- Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25\n- Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3\n\nNo fix planned:\n\n- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI)\n- Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3\n- Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)\n\nNot affected:\n\n- Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25\n- Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3\n\n## Remediation\n\nFor more information visit https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23080 https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23080\nFor more information visit https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23204 https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23204\nFor more information visit https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23078 https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2025:23078\n\nWorkarounds / mitigations:\n\n- Red Hat has investigated whether a possible mitigation exists for this issue, and has not been able to identify a practical example. Please update the affected package as soon as possible.\n\n## Package advisory (CVE-2025-66448)\n\nAffected packages:\n\n- `vllm < 0.11.1`\n\nPatched in:\n\n- `vllm 0.11.1`\n\nSource: https://osv.dev/vulnerability/GHSA-8fr4-5q9j-m8gm","depth":"twilight","depthScore":41,"depthScoreParts":{"impact":41.3,"likelihood":0.1,"exploitation":0,"ransomware":0},"changes":[{"seq":208563,"id":"CVE-2025-66448","ts":1790009091290,"field":"cvss","old":"7.1","new":"7.5"}]}