{"id":"CVE-2025-54100","title":"Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.","summary":"Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.","severity":"high","cvss":7.8,"cvssVector":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H","cwe":["CWE-77"],"vendor":"microsoft","product":"windows_10_1607","affected":["windows_10_1607 < 10.0.14393.8688","windows_10_1809 < 10.0.17763.8146","windows_10_21h2 < 10.0.19044.6691","windows_10_22h2 < 10.0.19045.6691","windows_11_23h2 < 10.0.22631.6345","windows_11_24h2 < 10.0.26100.7456","windows_11_25h2 < 10.0.26200.7456","windows_server_2008","windows_server_2008 = r2","windows_server_2012","windows_server_2012 = r2","windows_server_2016 < 10.0.14393.8688","windows_server_2019 < 10.0.17763.8146","windows_server_2022 < 10.0.20348.4529","windows_server_2022_23h2 < 10.0.25398.2025","windows_server_2025 < 10.0.26100.7456"],"patched":["windows_10_1607 10.0.14393.8688","windows_10_1809 10.0.17763.8146","windows_10_21h2 10.0.19044.6691","windows_10_22h2 10.0.19045.6691","windows_11_23h2 10.0.22631.6345","windows_11_24h2 10.0.26100.7456","windows_11_25h2 10.0.26200.7456","windows_server_2016 10.0.14393.8688","windows_server_2019 10.0.17763.8146","windows_server_2022 10.0.20348.4529","windows_server_2022_23h2 10.0.25398.2025","windows_server_2025 10.0.26100.7456"],"published":"2025-12-09","updated":"2026-09-30","sourceUpdated":"2026-09-30T20:10:00.247","source":"NVD","sourceUrl":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54100","references":[{"url":"https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-54100","label":"secure@microsoft.com"},{"url":"https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-54100-detect-powershell-vulnerability","label":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"},{"url":"https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-54100-mitigate-powershell-vulnerability","label":"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108"}],"tags":["nvd","exploit-available"],"epss":0.02234,"epssPercentile":0.82136,"exploits":{"github":3,"githubRepos":["https://github.com/ThemeHackers/CVE-2025-54100","https://github.com/osman1337-security/CVE-2025-54100","https://github.com/xiaoLvChen/CVE-2025-54100"],"checkedAt":"2026-09-30T20:23:53.985Z"},"exploitAvailable":true,"ingestedAt":"2026-09-30T20:23:19.442Z","slug":"CVE-2025-54100","body":"## Overview\n\nImproper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Windows PowerShell allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code locally.\n\n## Affected\n\n- `windows_10_1607 < 10.0.14393.8688`\n- `windows_10_1809 < 10.0.17763.8146`\n- `windows_10_21h2 < 10.0.19044.6691`\n- `windows_10_22h2 < 10.0.19045.6691`\n- `windows_11_23h2 < 10.0.22631.6345`\n- `windows_11_24h2 < 10.0.26100.7456`\n- `windows_11_25h2 < 10.0.26200.7456`\n- `windows_server_2008`\n- `windows_server_2008 = r2`\n- `windows_server_2012`\n- `windows_server_2012 = r2`\n- `windows_server_2016 < 10.0.14393.8688`\n- `windows_server_2019 < 10.0.17763.8146`\n- `windows_server_2022 < 10.0.20348.4529`\n- `windows_server_2022_23h2 < 10.0.25398.2025`\n- `windows_server_2025 < 10.0.26100.7456`\n\n## Remediation\n\nUpgrade past the affected range:\n\n- `windows_10_1607 10.0.14393.8688`\n- `windows_10_1809 10.0.17763.8146`\n- `windows_10_21h2 10.0.19044.6691`\n- `windows_10_22h2 10.0.19045.6691`\n- `windows_11_23h2 10.0.22631.6345`\n- `windows_11_24h2 10.0.26100.7456`\n- `windows_11_25h2 10.0.26200.7456`\n- `windows_server_2016 10.0.14393.8688`\n- `windows_server_2019 10.0.17763.8146`\n- `windows_server_2022 10.0.20348.4529`\n- `windows_server_2022_23h2 10.0.25398.2025`\n- `windows_server_2025 10.0.26100.7456`","depth":"midnight","depthScore":55,"depthScoreParts":{"impact":42.9,"likelihood":0.4,"exploitation":12,"ransomware":0},"changes":[]}